dpkg and sudo apt-get command

sudo apt-get install software

sudo apt-get remove, remove package

sudo apt-get remove --purge, remove package and related configuration file

sudo apt-get upgrade, upgrade installed package

sudo apt-get source, download source code

Repositories

sudo add-apt-respository ppa:, add repository

/etc/apt/sources.list, repository list

sudo apt-get update, update repository list